Manual of tree diseases by Rankin William Howard 1888-

Author:Rankin, William Howard, 1888-
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Trees
Publisher: New York, The Macmillan company
Published: 1918-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

Fio. 48, — Browp checked wood-

The sporophores of the sulfur fungus are easily recognized. They emerge in late summer from old branch wounds or directly from the bark where the mycelium has decayed the sapwood. At first they appear as one large or several small aulfup-yellow, soft and watery knobs of mycelium. These

quickly grow larger and form a number of individual or closely over-lapping shelves, from one to several inches wide (Fig. 49). The upper surface of the shelves is bright orange-yellow marked with redder areas, while the under surfaces are sulfur-yellow and appear honeycombed. The substance of this mature fruiting-body is tough but very watery. Insects rapidly invade it and through their work and decay caused by bacteria and possibly other fungi, the fruiting-body is quickly destroyed. What remains of it soon dries and becomes white and brittle. The mycelium in the wood lives from year to year and produces these yellow sporophores annually. The young sporophores, collected before the shelves are fully matured, are among the best of the edible fungi.

Cauae.

Brown checked wood-rot is caused by the fungus known as Polyporus aulpkureus. The spores from the tubes on the under surface of the sporophores are windblown and infect the exposed heartwood at branch wounds. Certain deposits left by the mycelium of the fungus cause the reddbh brown discoloration. For further detaUs concerning the life history and control of the wood-rot tim^, see page 64.

RErBRBNCEs ON Bbown Chbcksd Wood-Rot

Sohrenk, Hermann von, and Spaulding, P. Red heart-rot caused by

Polypoms sulphureus. In Diseases of deciduous forest trees.

U. 8. Dept. Agr. Bur. PL Ind. Bui. 149: 37-39. 1909. Schrenk, Hermann von. Polyporus sulphureus (BuU.) Fr. In Some

diseases of New England conifers. U. S. Dept. Agr. Div. Veg.

Phys. and Path. Bui. 25: 40-44. 1900. Atkinson; G. F. Polyx)orus sulphureus. In Studies of some shade

tree and timber destroying fimgi. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta.

Bui. 193: 208-214, figs. 64r-70. 1901. Hartig, R. Polyporus sulphureus Fr. In Die Zersetzungsersohei-

nungen des Holzes etc., pp. 109-113, pi. 14. 1878.

Common White Wood-Rot

Caused by Fomea igniarius Fries

Oaks, especially those species belonging to the black oak group, often are found with the heartwood reduced to a white punk. Beech and poplars, especially the aspen and balm of Gilead, are the most destructively and commonly affected of the various kinds of deciduous trees attacked by this fungus. In Europe this is the most important of the wood-rots of the oak in the forest. In the United States, the brown checked wood-rot of o9,k seems to be more destructive. This is especially true outside the forest, where shade and ornamental oaks are concerned. The sapwood of oak is more commonly invaded than is the sapwood of the other trees affected, resulting in stag-head and dead limbs. The sporophores and nature of the rot which are similar for all kinds of trees are described under poplar diseases, on page 305.

White Pocket Heartwood-Rot

Caused by Polyporus Rheades Fries (= Polyporus dryopkUuB Berkeley)

The heartwood of many species of oaks and sometimes of poplars is destroyed by this disease.

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